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1.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 31(4): 287-290, July-Sept. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-829737

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Ischemic postconditioning is a method that shows evidence of efficacy in minimizing reperfusion injury; however, its effectiveness in preventing injuries in distant organs is still unknown, especially in those who have undergone mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion. Objective: To evaluate the effect of ischemic postconditioning in preventing reperfusion injury in the liver of rats submitted to mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion, comparing two different methods of ischemic postconditioning. Methods: 30 Wistar male rats were used, distributed into three groups: Group A: Ten rats submitted to intestinal ischemia for 30 minutes followed by reperfusion for 60 minutes; Group B: Ten rats subjected to ischemia and reperfusion; after ischemia, two cycles of reperfusion (two minutes each) interleaved with two cycles of ischemia (two minutes each); and Group C: Ten rats subjected to ischemia and reperfusion; after ischemia, four cycles of reperfusion (30 seconds each) interspersed with four cycles of ischemia (30 seconds each). After the experiment, the left lobe of the liver was resected for subsequent histological analysis, using the following classification: grade 1 - centrilobular congestion; grade 2 - centrilobular congestion with some degeneration of hepatocytes in one or two central veins; and grade 3 - multifocal centrilobular congestion and degeneration of portal hepatocytes. Results: The mean degree of liver damage found was 1.8 in group A, 1.7 in group B and 1.3 in group C. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Conclusion: Ischemic postconditioning was unable to minimize reperfusion injury in rats undergoing mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Reperfusion Injury/pathology , Ischemic Postconditioning/methods , Mesenteric Ischemia/pathology , Liver/pathology , Reperfusion Injury/complications , Rats, Wistar , Disease Models, Animal , Mesenteric Ischemia/complications , Intestinal Mucosa/blood supply , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Liver/blood supply
2.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 30(5): 533-537, Sept.-Oct. 2015. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-769898

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Some publications have demonstrated the presence of lung reperfusion injury in mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion (I/R), but under to diverse methods. Postconditioning has been recognized as effective in preventing reperfusion injury in various organs and tissues. However, its effectiveness has not been evaluated in the prevention of lung reperfusion injury after mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the presence of pulmonary reperfusion injury and the protective effect of ischemic postconditioning on lung parenchyma in rats submitted to mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion. METHODS: Thirty Wistar rats were distributed into three groups: group A (10 rats), which was held mesenteric ischemia (30 minutes) and reperfusion (60 minutes); group B (10 rats), ischemia and reperfusion, interspersed by postconditioning with two alternating cycles of reperfusion and reocclusion, for two minutes each; and group C (10 rats), ischemia and reperfusion interleaved by postconditioning with four alternating cycles of reperfusion and reocclusion of 30 seconds each. Finally, it was resected the upper lung lobe for histological analysis. RESULTS: There were mild lung lesions (grade 1) in all samples. There was no statistical difference between groups 1 and 2 (P >0.05). CONCLUSION: The mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion in rats for thirty and sixty minutes, respectively, caused mild reperfusion injury in lung. Postconditioning was not able to minimize the remote reperfusion injury and there was no difference comparing two cycles of two minutes with four cycles of 30 seconds.


Subject(s)
Humans , Awards and Prizes , Leadership , State Medicine , Diffusion of Innovation , United Kingdom
3.
Acta cir. bras ; 30(10): 709-714, tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-764393

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE:To evaluate the effect of ischemic postconditioning(IPC) on intestinal mucosa of rats subjected to ischemia and reperfusion process comparing two cycles of reperfusion and ischemia lasting two minutes each and four cycles of reperfusion and ischemia lasting 30 seconds eachMETHODS: Thirty Wistar rats were distributed into three groups: group A (10 rats), ischemia (30 minutes) and reperfusion (60 minutes); group B (10 rats), ischemia and reperfusion plus IPC by two lasting two minutes each; and Group C (10 rats), ischemia and reperfusion plus IPC by four cycles lasting 30 seconds each. Finally, a segment of small intestine was resected for histological analysis. We analysed the results according to Chiu et al. classification and proceeded to the statistical treatment by Kruskal-Wallis test (p<0.05).RESULTS: The mean degree of tissue injury according to Chiu et al. classification were: Group A, 2.77; in group B, 1.4; and group C, 1.4. B X C (p<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Ischemic postconditioning was able to minimize reperfusion injury of rats undergone mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion process. There was no difference in the effectiveness of the method comparing two cycles of two minutes with four cycles of 30 seconds by H&E histological evaluation of the ileum after 60-minute reperfusion.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Intestinal Mucosa/blood supply , Ischemic Postconditioning/methods , Mesenteric Ischemia/prevention & control , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Ileum/blood supply , Ileum/pathology , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Mesenteric Ischemia/pathology , Rats, Wistar , Reproducibility of Results , Reperfusion Injury/pathology , Severity of Illness Index , Time Factors
4.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 29(4): 521-526, Oct-Dec/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-741729

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Ischemic postconditioning has been recognized as effective in the prevention of reperfusion injury in situations of ischemia and reperfusion in various organs and tissues. However, it remains unclear what would be the best way to accomplish it, since studies show great variation in the method of their application. Objective: To assess the protective effect of ischemic postconditioning on ischemia and reperfusion in rats undergoing five alternating cycles of reperfusion and ischemia of 30 seconds each one. Methods: We studied 25 Wistar rats distributed in three groups: group A (10 rats), which underwent mesenteric ischemia (30 minutes) and reperfusion (60 minutes); Group B (10 rats), undergoing ischemia (30 minutes) and reperfusion (60 minutes), intercalated by postconditioning (5 alternating cycles of reperfusion and ischemia of 30 seconds each one); and group C - SHAM (5 rats), undergoing only laparotomy and manipulation of mesenteric artery. All animals underwent resection of an ileum segment for histological analysis. Results: The mean lesions degree according to Chiu et al. were: group A, 2.77, group B, 2.67 and group C, 0.12. There was no difference between groups A and B (P>0.05). Conclusion: Ischemic postconditioning was not able to minimize or prevent the intestinal tissue injury in rats undergoing ischemia and reperfusion process when used five cycles lasting 30 seconds each one. .


Introdução: O pós-condicionamento isquêmico tem sido reconhecido como eficaz na prevenção das lesões de reperfusão em situações de isquemia e reperfusão em vários órgãos e tecidos. Entretanto, não está ainda claro qual seria a melhor maneira de realizá-lo, já que as publicações mostram grande variação de método no seu emprego. Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito protetor do pós-condicionamento isquêmico na isquemia e reperfusão intestinal em ratos, através de cinco ciclos alternados de 30 segundos de isquemia e 30 segundos de reperfusão. Métodos: Foram estudados 25 ratos Wistar, distribuídos em três grupos: grupo A (10 ratos), em que se realizou isquemia (30 minutos) e reperfusão (60 minutos) mesentérica; grupo B (10 ratos), isquemia e reperfusão, seguidos de pós-condicionamento isquêmico com 5 ciclos alternados de reperfusão e reoclusão, de 30 segundos cada; e grupo C (5 ratos), controle (SHAM). Ao final, ressecou-se um segmento do intestino delgado para análise histológica. Avaliaram-se os resultados pela classificação de Chiu et al. e procedeu-se ao tratamento estatístico. Resultados: As médias dos graus de lesão tecidual segundo a classificação de Chiu et al. foram: no grupo A, 2,77; no grupo B, 2,67; e no grupo C, 0,12. A diferença entre o resultado do grupo A com o resultado do grupo B não teve significância estatística (P>0,05). Conclusão: O pós-condicionamento isquêmico não foi capaz de minimizar ou prevenir a lesão tecidual intestinal de ratos submetidos ao processo de isquemia e reperfusão mesentérica quando utilizados cinco ciclos com duração de 30 segundos cada. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Intestines/blood supply , Ischemic Postconditioning/methods , Mesenteric Ischemia/prevention & control , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Intestinal Mucosa/blood supply , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Intestines/pathology , Models, Animal , Mesenteric Arteries/pathology , Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion/pathology , Rats, Wistar , Reproducibility of Results , Severity of Illness Index , Time Factors
5.
Acta cir. bras ; 25(2): 163-168, Mar.-Apr. 2010. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-540492

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of postconditioning protection in liver tissue of rats submitted to ischemia and reperfusion. Methods: 25 Wistar male rats were randomized in three groups: Group A (ischemia and reperfusion - I/R), with 10 rats, which was made ischemia by vascular clamp application in hepatic hilum for 30 minutes and reperfusion for 60 minutes by removal of the clamp; Group B (Postconditioning - IPo), with 10 rats, with same procedure plus postconditioning (3 cycles of reperfusion inserted by 3 cycles of ischemia, 30 seconds for each phase, between ischemia and reperfusion phases); and Group C (Sham), with 5 rats, which took place only laparotomy and manipulation of the hepatic hilum. Specimens were examined (histological evaluation) and dosage of serum AST and ALT was made. The statistical analysis was made with t Student test, with significant difference when p<0.05. Results: In the Sham group there was no histological or enzymatic changes; In group A the mean tissue lesion was 1.6 and in group B 1.1 (p=0.014). In group A the mean ALT level was 355U/l and in group B was 175.9U/l (p=0.016). The mean of AST was 828.8U/l in group A and 295.5U/l in group B (p=0.001). Conclusion: The postconditioning was able to minimize the severity of liver injury in rats submitted to ischemia and reperfusion.


Objetivo: Avaliar o efeito do pós-condicionamento isquêmico na proteção tecidual hepática de ratos submetidos à isquemia e reperfusão. Métodos: Foram utilizados 25 ratos da linhagem Wistar provenientes do Biotério da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, distribuídos em três grupos: A) grupo isquemia/reperfusão (I/R) (10 ratos), em que foi realizada isquemia e reperfusão hepática pela aplicação e retirada de clampe do hilo hepático durante 30 e 60 minutos, respectivamente; B) grupo pós-condicionamento isquêmico (PoCI) (10 ratos), em que foi realizado procedimento semelhante ao anterior, exceto pela realização do pós-condicionamento isquêmico entre as fases de isquemia e reperfusão, consistindo na retirada e colocação do clampe do hilo hepático por 30 segundos cada fase, durante 3 ciclos; grupo C (Sham) (5 ratos), em que realizou-se apenas laparotomia e manipulação do hilo hepático. Foram analisados os espécimes (avaliação histológica), dosagem sorológica de AST e ALT. Resultados: No grupo Sham não se observou alterações histológicas nem enzimáticas; no grupo A a média de lesão tecidual foi 1,6 e no grupo B 1,1 (p=0,014). No grupo A a média de ALT foi 355U/l e no grupo B 175,9U/l (p=0,016). A média de AST foi de 582,8U/l no grupo A e 295,5U/l no grupo B (p=0,001). Conclusão: O pós-condicionamento isquêmico foi capaz de minimizar a intensidade das lesões hepáticas de ratos submetidos à isquemia e reperfusão.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Ischemic Postconditioning/methods , Liver/blood supply , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Alanine Transaminase/blood , Aspartate Aminotransferases/blood , Liver/enzymology , Liver/pathology , Rats, Wistar , Reperfusion Injury/pathology , Severity of Illness Index
6.
Rev. bras. cir. cardiovasc ; 24(2): 150-156, abr.-jun. 2009. ilus, tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-525546

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito do pré e pós-condicionamento isquêmico sobre a lesão tecidual na mucosa intestinal de ratos submetidos ao processo de isquemia e reperfusão mesentérica. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 30 ratos Wistar, distribuídos em três grupos: grupo A, em que se realizou isquemia (30 minutos) e reperfusão (60 minutos) mesentérica; grupo B, isquemia e reperfusão mesentérica precedidos pelo pré-condicionamento isquêmico por três ciclos de isquemia e reperfusão com duração de dois minutos cada; grupo C, isquemia e reperfusão mesentérica e, precedendo o início da reperfusão, foi realizado o pós-condicionamento isquêmico por três ciclos de reperfusão e isquemia com duração de dois minutos cada. Ao final, ressecou-se um segmento do intestino delgado para análise histológica. Avaliaram-se os resultados pela classificação de Chiu et al. e procedeu-se ao tratamento estatístico. RESULTADOS: As médias dos graus de lesão tecidual segundo a classificação de Chiu et al. foram: no grupo A, 3,5; grupo B, 1,2; grupo C, 1. A diferença entre o resultado do grupo A com os resultados dos grupos B e C foi considerada estatisticamente significativa (P < 0,05). CONCLUSÃO: O pré e pós-condicionamento isquêmico foram capazes de minimizar, com intensidade semelhante, a lesão tecidual na mucosa intestinal de ratos submetidos ao processo de isquemia e reperfusão mesentérica.


OBJECTIVE: To assess the preconditioning and postconditioning effect on intestinal mucosal lesions in rats undergone mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion procedure. METHODS: Thirty Wistar rats were studied and divided into three groups: Group A, 10 rats undergone mesenteric ischemia (30 minutes) and reperfusion (60 minutes); Group B, 10 rats undergone mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion preceded by ischemic preconditioning for three cycles of ischemia and reperfusion for two minutes each; Group C, 10 rats undergone mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion and, preceding the beginning of reperfusion, ischemic postconditioning was performed for three cycles of reperfusion and ischemia for two minutes each. Then, a segment of small intestine was resected for histological analysis. We assessed the results by Chiu et al. score and the statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS: According to Chiu et al. score, the means of lesion degree were: In the group A, 3.5; Group B, 1.2; Group C, 1. The difference between group A with the groups B and C was considered statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Ischemic pre- and postconditioning were capable of minimizing - in a similar intensity - the tissue injury on the intestinal mucosa of rats undergone mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion process.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Ischemic Preconditioning , Ileum/blood supply , Intestinal Mucosa/blood supply , Mesenteric Arteries , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Ileum/pathology , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Ischemic Preconditioning/adverse effects , Models, Animal , Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion/pathology , Rats, Wistar , Reperfusion Injury/pathology , Statistics, Nonparametric
7.
Rev. bras. colo-proctol ; 28(2): 187-192, abr.-jun. 2008. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-488621

ABSTRACT

Sabe-se que o pré-condicionamento isquêmico tem a capacidade de minimizar as lesões decorrentes do processo de isquemia e reperfusão. Recentemente foi descrito que o pós-condicionamento isquêmico apresenta resultados semelhantes em isquemia e reperfusão miocárdica, cerebral, renal e da medula espinhal, mas não há relatos de utilização deste método na isquemia mesentérica. OBJETIVO: O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar o efeito do pós-condicionamento isquêmico sobre a lesão tecidual na mucosa intestinal de ratos submetidos ao processo de isquemia e reperfusão mesentérica. MÉTODO: Foram estudados 20 ratos Wistar, distribuídos em dois grupos: grupo A, em que se realizou isquemia (30 minutos) e reperfusão (60 minutos) mesentérica; grupo B, isquemia e reperfusão mesentérica e, precedendo o início da reperfusão, foi realizado o pós-condicionamento isquêmico. Ao final, ressecou-se um segmento do intestino delgado para análise histológica. Avaliaram-se os resultados pela classificação de Chiu e procedeu-se o tratamento estatístico. RESULTADO: As médias dos graus de lesão tecidual foram: grupo A, 3,5; grupo B, 1. A diferença entre os grupos foi considerada estatisticamente significativa (p < 0,05). CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que o pós-condicionamento isquêmico foi capaz de minimizar a lesão tecidual na mucosa intestinal de ratos submetidos ao processo de isquemia e reperfusão mesentérica.


It is known that the preconditioning has the capacity to minimize the current lesions of the ischemia and reperfusion process. Recently it was described that the postconditioning presents similar results in miocardic ischemia and reperfusion, brain, kidneys and of the spinal cord, but there are no reports of use of this method in the mesenteric ischemia. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of the postconditioning on the tissue lesion in the intestinal mucosa of rats submitted to the ischemia and reperfusion process. METHOD: 20 Wistar rats were studied, distributed in two groups: group A, in that was done mesenteric ischemia (30 minutes) and reperfusion (60 minutes); group B, mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion and, preceding the beginning of the reperfusion, the postconditioning was accomplished. At the end, it was dried up a segment of the small intestine for histological analysis. The results were evaluated by the Chiu's classification and the statistical treatment was proceeded. RESULTS: The averages of the degrees of tissue lesion were: group A, 3,5; group B, 1. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (p <0,05). CONCLUSION: The postconditioning was capable to minimize the tissue lesion in the intestinal mucosa of rats submitted to the mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion process.


Subject(s)
Animals , Animal Experimentation , Ischemia , Ischemic Preconditioning , Rats , Reperfusion
8.
J. bras. patol. med. lab ; 44(2): 107-114, abr. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-486032

ABSTRACT

INTRODUÇÃO: Osteossarcoma (OS), o mais freqüente tumor primário maligno do osso, tem comportamento local agressivo e alto índice de disseminação sistêmica. Os eventos que permitem o crescimento e a disseminação tumoral ainda permanecem controversos. Os estudos sobre a carcinogênese e a progressão dessa neoplasia, com base na imunoexpressão de c-erb-B2, P-glicoproteína (P-gp) e p53, apresentam resultados conflitantes acerca do real valor prognóstico e suas correlações com parâmetros histológicos. A anaplasia, em neoplasias na infância, constitui parâmetro histológico de agressividade tumoral e quimiorresistência. Nos OS primários ou metastáticos, seu significado permanece controverso. Por outro lado, em outras neoplasias humanas, a expressão do c-erb-B2 relaciona-se com p53, grau nuclear e outros parâmetros de agressividade. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a imunoexpressão de p53, c-erb-B2 e P-gp em OS, correlacionando os parâmetros entre si e com a presença de anaplasia. MÉTODO: O estudo incluiu 96 biópsias pré-quimioterapia de pacientes com OS de alto grau, diagnosticados entre 1991 e 2000. A pesquisa imuno-histoquímica de p53, P-gp e c-erb-B2 foi feita pela técnica da estreptoavidina-biotina-peroxidase. Foram considerados positivos os casos onde havia imunoexpressão em 10 por cento ou mais das células neoplásicas. Somente colorações membranosa (para cerb-B2 e P-gp) e nuclear (para p53) foram consideradas positivas. Anaplasia foi definida como no tumor de Wilms, sendo considerada presente ou ausente. RESULTADOS: Anaplasia pôde ser avaliada em 82/96 casos, estando presente em 29 (35,36 por cento). Imunoexpressão de p53 foi detectada em 25 dos 60 casos (36,23 por cento); de P-gp, em 30 dos 73 casos (41,1 por cento); e de c-erb-B2, em 22 dos 55 casos (40 por cento). Os resultados demonstraram associação entre as imunoexpressões de c-erb-B2 e p53 (p = 0,042), p53 e o parâmetro anaplasia (p = 0,015), anaplasia e Pg (p = 0.034) CONCLUSÕES: A imunoexpressão...


BACKGROUND: Osteosarcomas (OS), the most frequent primary malignant bone tumors, have aggressive local behavior and high rate of metastatization. The events that allow tumor growth and dissemination are still controversial. The studies about carcinogenesis and tumor progression in this neoplasia, which are based on c-erb-B2, P-glycoprotein (P-gp) and p53 immunoexpression, show conflicting results as to the real prognostic value and its correlations with histological parameters. Anaplasia in childhood neoplasias is a histological parameter of tumor aggressiveness and chemoresistance. In primary or metastatic OS, its meaning remains controversial. On the other hand, in other human neoplasias, c-erb-B2 expression is associated with p53, nuclear grade and other aggressiveness parameters. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to evaluate p53, c-erb-B2 and P-gp immunoexpression in OS, correlating the parameters with the presence of anaplasia. METHODS: This study included 96 pre-chemotherapy biopsies in patients with high-grade OS diagnosed between 1991 and 2000. The immunohistochemical evaluation of p53 and c-erb-B2 was carried out with the streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase technique. Cases were considered positive when there was immunoexpression in 10 percent or more neoplastic cells. Only membrane staining (for c-erb-B2 and P-gp), and nuclear staining (for p53) were considered positive. Anaplasia was defined as Wilms' tumor, and considered present or absent. RESULTS: Anaplasia was present in 29 out of 82 cases (35.36 percent); p53 immunoexpression was detected in 25 out of 60 cases (36.23 percent); P-gp, in 30 out of 73 cases (41.1 percent); and c-erb-B2, in 22 out of 55 cases (40 percent). The results demonstrated an association between c-erb-B2 and p53 immunoexpression (p = 0.042), p53 and parameter of anaplasia (p = 0.015), anaplasia and P-gp (p = 0.034). CONCLUSIONS: The p53, c-erb-B2 and P-gp immunoexpression is relatively frequent in high-grade, metastic...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Anaplasia/diagnosis , ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/analysis , Immunohistochemistry , Osteosarcoma , /analysis , /analysis , Biomarkers, Tumor/analysis , Osteosarcoma
9.
Acta cir. bras ; 23(1): 22-28, Jan.-Feb. 2008. ilus, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-474136

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of the ischemic preconditioning and the ischemic postconditioning over the tissue injury in the intestinal mucosa of rats undergoing the procedure of mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion. METHODS: Thirty Wistar rats were studied, divided in three groups: group A, undergoing mesenteric ischemia (30 minutes) and reperfusion (60 minutes); group B, mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion preceded by ischemic preconditioning; group C, mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion and, before the beginning of reperfusion, the ischemic postconditioning was performed. At the end, a segment of the small intestine was dissected for histological analysis. The results were evaluated using the CHIU et al.6 classification followed by the statistic treatment. RESULTS: The mean values of the tissue injury levels were: group A, 3.5; group B, 1.2; and group C, 1. The difference between the result of group A with the results of groups B and C was considered statistically significant (p < 0,05). CONCLUSION: The ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning are able to minimize the tissue injury in the intestines of rats that underwent the procedure of mesenteric ischemia and reperfusion.


OBJETIVO: Avaliar o efeito do pré e pós-condicionamento isquêmico sobre a lesão tecidual na mucosa intestinal de ratos submetidos ao processo de isquemia e reperfusão mesentérica. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 30 ratos Wistar, distribuídos em três grupos: grupo A, em que se realizou isquemia (30 minutos) e reperfusão (60 minutos) mesentérica; grupo B, isquemia e reperfusão mesentérica precedidos pelo pré-condicionamento isquêmico; grupo C, isquemia e reperfusão mesentérica e, precedendo o início da reperfusão, foi realizado o pós-condicionamento isquêmico. Ao final, ressecou-se um segmento do intestino delgado para análise histológica. Avaliaram-se os resultados pela classificação de CHIU e col.6 e procedeu-se o tratamento estatístico. RESULTADOS: As médias dos graus de lesão tecidual foram: grupo A, 3,5; grupo B, 1,2; grupo C, 1. A diferença entre o resultado do grupo A com os resultados dos grupos B e C foi considerada estatisticamente significativa (p < 0,05). CONCLUSÃO: O pré e pós-condicionamento isquêmico foram capazes de minimizar a lesão tecidual na mucosa intestinal de ratos submetidos ao processo de isquemia e reperfusão mesentérica.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Intestinal Mucosa/blood supply , Intestine, Small/blood supply , Ischemic Preconditioning/methods , Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion/prevention & control , Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control , Disease Models, Animal , Intestinal Mucosa/pathology , Intestine, Small/pathology , Mesenteric Artery, Superior , Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion/pathology , Rats, Wistar , Reperfusion Injury/pathology , Statistics, Nonparametric
10.
Rev. bras. cir. cabeça pescoço ; 36(2)abr.-jun. 2007. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-482648

ABSTRACT

Introdução: o ramo externo do nervo laríngeo superior (RELS) é um ramo motor que tem origem no nível do osso hióide e desce medialmente à artéria carótida interna para inervar o músculo cricotireóideo da laringe. Nesse trajeto, aproxima-se do pólo superior da glândula tireóide. Muitos estudos têm sido feitos com o objetivo de avaliar a necessidade e viabilidade técnica de sua identificação durante operações sobre a glândula, mas alguns com resultados adversos. Objetivo: estudar a relação anatômica entre o RELS, a tireóide e a artéria tireoidiana superior e a viabilidade técnica e o tempo despendido em sua identificação durante procedimentos cirúrgicos sobre a glândula tireóide. Pacientes e método: foram estudados 40 RELS em pacientes que se submeteram a tireoidectomia por bócios nodulares, bócio difuso tóxico e câncer de tireóide. Foi analisado o tipo de disposição do nervo em relação à glândula tireóide e artéria tireoideana superior; a viabilidade de sua identificação durante a operação; e o tempo despendido para isso. Resultados: em mais da metade dos pacientes o RELS está a menos de 1,0cm da glândula e, em 62,5% dos casos, o nervo foi devidamente identificado em menos de quatro minutos. Conclusão: o RELS está muito próximo do pólo superior do lobo tireoideano; sua identificação cuidadosa é viável; e não acrescenta tempo significativo à cirurgia, devendo ser realizada sempre, para diminuir a morbidade da operação.


Introduction: the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve (EBSL) is a motor branch that begins near the hyoid bone, than it goes down between the internal carotid artery and the larynx, and finds the cricothyroid muscle. In the way to the muscle, the nerve crosses the superior pole of the thyroid lobe. Many studies have been performed in order to observe the technical viability of finding the nerve during the thyroid surgery, and if we have to do it. There is some disagreement about this point. Objective: to study the anatomical relationship among the EBSL, the thyroid gland and the superior thyroid artery and the technical availability and the time spent in that identification during the surgical approach on the gland. Materials and methods: 40 EBLS were studied in patients who had the thyroid operated. These people had nodular goiter, toxic diffuse goiter, follicular adenoma or thyroid cancer. The anatomical relationship among the nerve, thyroid gland and superior thyroid artery were studied; as well as the viability of the nerve identification and the time spent to do it. Results: the nerve was near the superior pole of the lobe of the thyroid gland in 52.5% of cases; it was spent less than 4 minutes to find the EBSL in 62.5% of patients. Conclusion: the nerve is frequently very close to the gland, and its identification, which is possible in a few minuts, is recommended during thyroid surgery to avoid nerve damage.

11.
Rev. bras. colo-proctol ; 27(1): 80-82, jan.-mar. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-452218

ABSTRACT

Os autores relatam um caso raro de um paciente de 77 anos, que desenvolveu dois tumores sincrônicos do trato gastrintestinal, localizados em topografia de reto e cárdia. Feito o diagnóstico de ambos simultaneamente. Foi submetido à cirurgia em dois tempos e evoluiu bem, realizando a reconstrução do trato gastrintestinal três meses após a primeira intervenção. Não encontramos na literatura nenhum outro relato desta combinação de tumores.


We discuss a 77-year-old man who developed two cancers: adenocarcinoma of the stomach and adenocarcinoma of the rectum. He was submitted at the surgery developed for two interventions and evolved aright. To the best of our knowledge, no other patient with the combination of these two cancers has been reported in the literature.


Subject(s)
Male , Aged , Humans , Adenocarcinoma , Cardia , Neoplasms, Multiple Primary , Rectum
12.
Rev. bras. colo-proctol ; 25(2): 162-164, abr.-jun. 2005. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-415275

ABSTRACT

Os autores relatam o caso de uma paciente que apresentou simultaneamente adenocarcinoma de cólon e carcinoma espinocelular de canal anal, não sendo encontrado relato semelhante na literatura pesquisada. Discute-se a raridade desta enfermidade e a importância do diagnóstico e publicação para futuras pesquisas sobre o assunto.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adenocarcinoma , Anal Canal , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell , Colon , Colorectal Neoplasms
13.
Acta cir. bras ; 18(4): 347-354, jul.-ago. 2003. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-347150

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar os efeitos do propofol como inibidor da lesäo tecidual na isquemia e reperfusäo mesentérica em ratos. MÉTODOS: Quarenta ratos Wistar foram submetidos à anestesia e laparotomia mediana. Obteve-se isquemia intestinal por falsa ligadura da artéria mesentérica cranial por trinta minutos. Após, reperfundiu-se por sessenta minutos. Metade dos animais receberam SF 0,9 por cento 10 ml/Kg/hora (grupo controle) por via intravenosa; a outra metade recebeu propofol 20 mg/Kg/hora por mesma via (grupo propofol). Ao final, ressecou-se segmentos do intestino delgado para análise histológica. Avaliou-se os resultados pela classificaçäo de CHIU et al 80 e procedeu-se o tratamento estatístico. RESULTADOS: No grupo controle encontrou-se 5 ratos com classificaçäo grau 2; 8 com classificaçäo grau 3; 3 com classificaçäo grau 4 e 4 ratos com classificaçäo grau 5. No grupo propofol encontrou-se 6 ratos com classificaçäo grau 1; 11 com classificaçäo grau 2 e 3 com classificaçäo grau 3. Média de classificaçäo 3,3 para o grupo controle e 1,85 para o grupo propofol. A variaçäo dos dois grupos foi considerada estatisticamente significativa (P < 0,05). CONCLUSÄO: O propofol minimiza a lesäo tecidual em ratos submetidos a isquemia e reperfusäo mesentérica.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Free Radical Scavengers , Intestine, Small , Ischemia , Propofol , Reperfusion/methods , Rats, Wistar
14.
Folha méd ; 121(4): 227-229, out.-dez. 2002.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-347915

ABSTRACT

The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a useful method for the investigation, in out patients, of both palpable and nonpalpable thyroid nodules. A total of 299 FNAC thyroid punctures performed in 147 palpable and 152 nonpalpable lesions (ultrasound-guided) between 1996 and 1998 were compared. FNAC of palpable lesions was performed at the Outpatient Clinic of São Paulo Hospital, Federal University of São Paulo - UNIFESP and nonpalpable cases were submitted to ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration at São Caetano Beneficiente Hospital. Both series were examined during the same period from April 1997 to May 1998. Guided puncture (nonpalpable nodules) showed the following results: 50 percent goiter and nodular goiter; 17.10 percent cellular follicular lesions; 15.10 percent lymphocytic thyroiditis; 2.63 percent papillary carcinoma; 1.97 percent follicular and Hürthle cell neoplásias; and 13,15 percent unsatisfactory samples. Palpable nodules showed the following results: 54.42 percent nodular goiter; 17 percent follicular cell lesions; 10.2 percent lymphocytic thyroiditis; 4.76 percent papillary carcinoma; 4.08 percent Hürthle and follicular neoplasia, 0.68 percent anaplastic carcinoma, and 8.84 percent unsatisfactory samples. Similar frequencies of the specific cytopathological diagnosis were observed for the two series of palpable and nonpalpabie lesions. The frequencies of malignant conditions were similar for the two series and to the frequencies reported in epidemiological studies.


Subject(s)
Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Carcinoma , Thyroid Neoplasms , Aged, 80 and over , Biopsy, Needle/methods , Retrospective Studies , Thyroid Neoplasms
15.
São Paulo med. j ; 119(4): 154-155, July 2001. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-302323

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Breast cancer may express the presence of b-human chorionic gonadotrophin in 12 percent to 18 percent of cases, using immunohistochemical reactions. Usually the tumors will show positivity in a few scattered cells. Breast cancer with choriocarcinomatous features, as reported by Saigo and Rosen, is a distinct variant of breast cancer. We report a case of breast cancer with choriocarcinomatous and neuroendocrine features. OBJECTIVE: This is a case report of an invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast with choriocarcinomatous and neuroendocrine features. DESIGN: Case Report. CASE REPORT: A 50-year-old Brazilian woman underwent surgery for a lump in the right breast, which had been first noticed about 3 months earlier. The surgery consisted of quadrantectomy followed by right mastectomy with ipsilateral axillary lymph node dissection. The specimen from the quadrantectomy revealed a 7 x 6.5 x 4.5 cm tumor. Histology of the lesion showed the presence of an invasive ductal carcinoma with areas of giant cells and intense atypia. The immunohistochemistry was positive in the pleomorphic areas for human chorionic gonadotrophin, while the less pleomorphic areas showed positivity for synaptophysin and chromogranin


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Breast Neoplasms , Choriocarcinoma , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast , Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human , Chorionic Gonadotropin
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